To support the safe and effective introduction of ammonia and hydrogen as alternative marine fuels by outlining approval processes, safety challenges, and regulatory gaps, and by guiding shipowners, designers, and operators in navigating the current immature regulatory landscape. The report emphasizes the importance of early stakeholder collaboration, risk-based approval, seafarer training, and the development of robust safety systems to enable the maritime industry’s transition toward decarbonization by 2050.
Sector: Shipbuilding
DUAL-FUEL SOLUTIONS FOR NEWBUILD VESSELS
To provide technical and operational guidance on dual-fuel (DF) propulsion systems for newbuild vessels, this report focuses on LNG, methanol, and ammonia as alternative marine fuels amid tightening regulations such as IMO emission targets and EU maritime policies. It analyzes key design, safety, operational, regulatory, and economic factors associated with these fuels, evaluating their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while addressing challenges in fuel infrastructure, handling safety, and compliance. The goal is to help shipowners and stakeholders choose DF solutions that are sustainable, safe, and economically viable in the transition to a low-carbon maritime industry.
Maritime Forecast to 2050
To emphasize the necessity of improving energy efficiency and establishing fuel transition strategies to achieve the decarbonization targets of IMO. This report explores methods to maintain the competitiveness of international shipping by 2030, focusing on fuel reduction, digitalization, and carbon capture technologies. Additionally, it examines strategies for expanding related infrastructure and addressing cost increases, providing insights into strategic responses to these challenges.
Availability of E-fuels and E-fuel-capable Vessels from 2027–2030
To assess the market readiness of e-fuels and e-fuel-capable vessels for commercial deployment in the maritime sector between 2027 and 2030. The report seeks to provide insights into the production capacity of e-fuels, the readiness of vessels to use these fuels, and the alignment of these elements to support ZEMBA’s next tender process. The study also aims to identify challenges such as financial barriers and deployment mismatches, offering strategies to accelerate zero-emission technology adoption in shipping.
Economic benefits of building zero-emission capable vessels in East Asia
To evaluate the economic opportunities for shipbuilding countries – China, the Republic of Korea, and Japan – through the construction of zero-emission capable vessels (ZECVs).
To explore the potential revenues generated by replacing conventional ships with ZECVs and highlight the role of first-mover advantages in the shipbuilding market.
Onboard Carbon Capture – An overview of technologies to capture CO2 on board ships
To emphasize the necessity of applying onboard carbon capture and storage (OCCS) technology based on international maritime decarbonization regulatory trends, the current status of technology development, regional policy trends, and commercialization improvement challenges are introduced. In particular, the practical issues that need to be addressed and the corresponding level of technology required for the application of OCCS technology on ships are demonstrated through case studies.
Exploring the technical feasibility of carbon capture onboard ships
To assess the technical feasibility of implementing carbon capture systems on ships to help reduce CO2 emissions, particularly concentrating on both retrofit and newbuild vessels.
Options for Reducing Methane Emissions from New and Existing LNG-Fueled Ships
To evaluate the effectiveness of various technological and operational measures to reduce methane emissions from LNG-fueled vessels, to assess the current status of LNG engine technology, and finally to provide recommendations for policy changes and technological improvements to mitigate methane emissions from LNG-fueled vessels.
Recommendations for Design and Operation of Ammonia-Fueled Vessels Basd on Multi-disciplinary Risk Analysis
To understand the risks of using ammonia, including primarily toxicity, onboard fires and explosions and provide the safeguards that can be implemented to reduce them to tolerable levels
Applying Alternative Fuels to Existing Ships (Engine Retrofit Report 2023)
To explore decarbonization through retrofitting existing ships and analyze the price gap between alternative fuels and conventional fuels through forecast scenarios for the application of alternative fuel technologies in ship retrofits
It is worth noting that this report proposes a required carbon tax of $350 per ton of CO2 in order to bridge the price gap between existing marine fuels and the latest eco-friendly alternative fuels, such as methanol and ammonia.