Low-Emission Ammonia Plants
Ammonia
LOW-EMISSION AMMONIA PLANTS
The Ammonia Energy Association (AEA) provides information on low-emission (and transitional) ammonia plants under development around the world, including projects that are Operational, Firm (under construction), and Mature (in the FEED phase). To learn more, please visit AmmoniaEnergy.org
Key Insights
- The database is growing quickly and includes 485 projects (with 596 phases of expansion, as of February 2025), comprising a total of 451.2 million tons of ammonia capacity.
- Within the large funnel of projects, a significant number of projects are maturing to meet the ammonia energy demand.
- As of February 2025, we realistically expect 43.5 million tons of this capacity to be operational by 2030: 3.7 million tons is already Operational (up to Q4 2024); 13.5 million tons is Firm (eg, under construction / FID); 26.3 million tons is Mature (eg, offtake / EPC selected / FEED)
AMMONIA TERMINALS
The Ammonia Energy Association (AEA) provides information on the ammonia terminals and other ammonia energy infrastructure under development around the world. To learn more, please visit AmmoniaEnergy.org
Key Insights
- Ammonia storage terminals are globally distributed, with ammonia storage capacity in most industrial ports.
- The United States has many inland ammonia terminals and the largest existing ammonia storage capacity globally, due to the direct use of ammonia as fertilizer in the US Midwest.
- New capacity is announced, primarily for ammonia energy import to Japan and South Korea in East Asia, as well as to countries in West and Central Europe. Also, new export locations with multiple low-emission ammonia projects also announce centralized storage facilities, such as in Brazil and Namibia.
AMMONIA-FUELED VESSELS
The Ammonia Energy Association (AEA) provides information on ammonia-fueled (and ammonia-ready) vessels. To learn more, please visit AmmoniaEnergy.org.
Key insights
- As of March 2025, 130 ammonia-fueled vessels and 225 ammonia-ready vessels have been ordered and announced. Small-scale Supply vessels (tug boats) are the first operational references for ammonia-fueled vessels, entering the water in 2023 and 2024.
- Out of the 58 ordered ammonia-fueled vessels, 27 vessels are ammonia carriers; 27 vessels are bulk carriers. The first of these vessels are expected to hit the waters in 2026 and 2027.
- The first ammonia-ready vessel entered the waters in early 2022. As of March 2025, 28 ammonia-ready vessels are operational.
